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1869
 
     
Young French artists Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir paint together in the open air at La Grenouillère, developing the Impressionist style        
Monet Bathers at La Grenouillère (detail) 1869
National Gallery, London

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1869
 
   
French part-time painter Henri Rousseau becomes known as Douanier ('customs officer') Rousseau because of his paid employment      
1870
 
    
French artist Claude Monet, fleeing from the Franco-Prussian War, arrives in London       
Monet The Thames below Westminster (detail) c.1871
National Gallery, London

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c. 1873
 
   
French painter Edgar Degas finds inspiration in the onstage and backstage world of ballet dancers      
1874
 
     
A group of French artists, including Renoir, Monet and Degas, exhibit their work independently in the Paris studio of the photographer Nadar        
1874
 
     
French critic Louis Leroy uses the term 'impressionism' to ridicule Monet's Impression, Sunrise, and unwittingly names a movement        
1883
 
    
French artist Claude Monet moves to Giverny, where he creates and paints a famous lily pond       
Monet The Water-Lily Pond (detail) 1899
National Gallery, London

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1885
 
   
Leaving his family in Copenhagen, French artist Paul Gauguin returns to Paris to paint full-time      
Gauguin Harvest: Le Pouldu (detail) 1890
National Gallery, London

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c. 1885
 
    
French painter Georges Seurat develops the dotted style of impressionism that becomes known as Pointillism       
Seurat The Channel of Gravelines (detail) 1890
National Gallery, London

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1886
 
   
Dutch painter Vincent Willem van Gogh moves from Antwerp to Paris